Which of the following freedoms is protected under the First Amendment?

The correct answer is freedom of religion because the First Amendment of the United States Constitution specifically guarantees individuals the right to practice their religion freely without interference from the government. This amendment includes the establishment clause, which prohibits the government from establishing a national religion, and the free exercise clause, which protects individuals' rights to follow their chosen faith. This foundational principle ensures that citizens have the liberty to express their beliefs and engage in religious practices.

The other freedoms mentioned are indeed important rights but are protected under different amendments. For instance, the right to bear arms is safeguarded by the Second Amendment, the right to a speedy trial is found in the Sixth Amendment, and the right to privacy is derived from various amendments, including the Fourth and Ninth Amendments, but is not explicitly stated in the Constitution. The First Amendment's explicit mention of freedom of religion makes it a cornerstone of American civil liberties.