Which amendment abolished slavery in the United States?

The 13th Amendment is significant because it formally abolished slavery and involuntary servitude in the United States, except as punishment for a crime. Ratified on December 6, 1865, this amendment marked a critical turning point in American history, as it legally freed millions of enslaved individuals and laid the groundwork for future civil rights advancements. The language of the 13th Amendment is direct and unequivocal, making it clear that the institution of slavery was no longer permissible within the United States.

In contrast, the 12th Amendment deals with the electoral process for President and Vice President, the 14th Amendment addresses citizenship rights and equal protection under the law, and the 15th Amendment prohibits denial of the right to vote based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude. While all these amendments contributed to shaping civil rights in America, none directly relate to the abolition of slavery as the 13th Amendment does.