What is the maximum number of Senators a state can have?

The correct answer is that each state can have a maximum of two Senators. This is established by the United States Constitution, specifically in Article I, Section 3, which clearly states that each state is entitled to elect two Senators to represent them in the Senate. This structure is designed to ensure equal representation for each state, regardless of its population size.

The choice of limiting the number of Senators to two per state was a significant aspect of the Great Compromise during the Constitutional Convention in 1787, balancing the interests of smaller states with those of larger ones. This ensures that every state has an equal voice in the Senate, which contrasts with the House of Representatives, where representation is based on population.

The options indicating a maximum of 1, 100, or 4 Senators per state are inconsistent with the constitutional framework that governs the composition of the U.S. Senate. Hence, the only choice that accurately reflects the constitutional provision is two Senators per state.